Boulder, Wyoming was first established in the late 1800s as a stop along the Lander-to-Pinedale stagecoach route. The town was named after the large boulders found in the nearby Boulder Basin.

In the early 1900s, Boulder became a center for ranching and farming, with many families settling in the area to take advantage of the fertile land and abundant water sources. The town also served as a center for the timber industry, with logs being transported from the nearby forests to mills in Boulder.

During the 1930s and 1940s, the town experienced a period of growth and development due to the construction of the Boulder Dam, which brought many workers and their families to the area.

Today, Boulder is a small, tight-knit community with a population of around 170 people. It is located in the scenic Wind River Range and is known for its beautiful natural surroundings, including the nearby Bridger-Teton National Forest and the stunning Boulder Lake.